Working memory plays a vital role in our daily lives – from remembering the phone number of the local fish and chip shop just enough to dial it, to following a multi-step instruction in a fitness class, or learning a new theory in school.
For some people, particularly those with ADHD or Alzheimer’s disease, working memory doesn’t always function as it should.
In this month’s blog, we investigate one of the evidence-informed treatments which can support brain health and working memory. It’s called laser therapy, but is also known as photo biomodulation (PBM).
What is working memory?
Working memory is a cognitive function which allows us to hold and manipulate information in our minds for short periods of time. It’s like a mental notepad – helping us solve problems, make decisions and concentrate on tasks.
According to the Australian Psychological Society, working memory is a key part of our executive function and helps us plan, organise and control our behaviour [1].
Who struggles with poor working memory?
Working memory difficulties are common for people with neurological and developmental conditions, though not everyone with these conditions will experience it.
You might notice challenges with working memory if you have, or a loved one has, one of the following conditions:
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD):
People with ADHD can sometimes struggle to keep track of tasks or follow multi-step instructions. [2]
Alzheimer’s disease and dementia:
These conditions often affect memory in general, including working memory, and can decline further over time. [3]
Traumatic brain injury:
Following a head injury, working memory can be permanently or temporarily affected. [4]
Autism spectrum disorder:
Not all autistic people have working memory difficulties, but it is more common in this group than the general population. [5]
What is laser therapy (photobiomodulation)?
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a type of light therapy which uses specific wavelengths of red or near-infrared light to stimulate cellular activity. The light stimulates mitochondria – the energy-producing parts of your cells – to encourage better energy production, reduce inflammation and promote healthy brain function. [6]
Not only does it have an almost-impossible-to-spell name, PBM has also been researched in Australia and internationally as a potential tool to manage neurological conditions, including cognitive decline, depression and post-concussion symptoms. In the Journal of Neurotrauma and Frontiers in Neuroscience, there have been multiple published studies showing promising effects [7].
Can laser therapy help with working memory?
This emerging research suggests PBM may support cognitive functions, including attention, processing speed and memory.
Some studies have found that when specific areas of the brain are targeted, people may experience short-term improvements in working memory performance. [8].
This result could be due to the belief PBM supports:
- Improved blood flow in the brain
- Increased oxygenation and energy production at a cellular level
- Reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, which can sometimes be linked with cognitive decline [9]
It’s important to note PBM is not a cure for memory-related conditions and is a relatively new offering to people with memory challenges. However, it is a low-risk therapy which can be used alongside other approaches such as medication, therapy and lifestyle changes.
What does a session look like?
A typical PBM session at Neurofit Brain Centre involves getting comfortable in a chair while a device is fitted to your head.
This device delivers gentle, near-infrared light to specific regions of your brain, with sessions lasting between 20 to 30 minutes.
The number of sessions recommended varies depending on the individual’s needs and the condition being assessed. We will always begin with an in-depth assessment to determine the best approach for you.
Working with Neurofit Brain Centre
Your working memory is a crucial part of how you function day-to-day, and when it’s not working well, life can feel harder than it needs to be.
At Neurofit Brain Centre, we use tools like photobiomodulation to support your brain in personalised ways, and in conjunction with your other treatments.
If you would like to know more about photobiomodulation, don’t hesitate to contact our team to ask any questions or book a consultation.
Disclaimer
All information is general and not intended as a substitute for professional advice. Neurofit Brain Centre can consult with you regarding your individual health needs.
References
- [1] Australian Psychological Society. (2021). Executive function and learning.
- [2] Martinussen, R., et al. (2005). Working memory deficits in children with ADHD: A meta-analysis. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 44(4), 377–384.
- [3] Alzheimer’s Australia. (2016). Understanding dementia.
- [4] McDonald, B. C., et al. (2002). Working memory impairments following traumatic brain injury: A functional MRI study. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 14(5), 761–774.
- [5] Steele, S. D., et al. (2007). Working memory deficits and autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37(4), 574–579.
- [6] Hamblin, M. R. (2016). Photobiomodulation or low-level laser therapy. Journal of Biophotonics, 9(11-12), 1122–1124.
- [7] Hennessy, M., & Hamblin, M. R. (2017). Photobiomodulation and the brain: A new paradigm. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, 61(2), 403–419.
- [8] Salehpour, F., et al. (2019). Transcranial photobiomodulation therapy for cognitive improvement in dementia and Alzheimer’s disease: A systematic review. Aging Research Reviews, 49, 78–90.
- [9] Naeser, M. A., et al. (2016). Transcranial red/near-infrared light therapy for cognitive improvement in chronic traumatic brain injury. Journal of Neurotrauma, 33(13), 1223–1235.
