Like many neurodivergent conditions, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can often be classified as a chronic condition of the brain, and in the case of ADHD often relates to hyperactivity and inability to focus.
Instead of being a flaw, we like to think of ADHD as more like having a brain wired for creativity, curiosity, and quick thinking—but one which sometimes struggles with things like staying on track, remembering details, or sitting still.
And for many, it’s not as simple as struggling to stay still – with three types of ADHD, people can present with different behaviours and require alternative treatments to others with the same broad condition.
In this month’s blog, we investigate the 3 types of ADHD and how to identify, diagnose and treat them, with professional support.
What is ADHD?
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodivergent way of thinking which affects how a person focuses, organises tasks, and manages impulses. While many people often associate ADHD with hyperactive children, diagnosing ADHD in adults is also not uncommon.
While the exact cause is unknown, there is a likely combination of genetics and environmental factors which could contribute to the condition developing. [1]
Symptoms can range from mild to severe, and in some cases, individuals may not even realise they have the condition until later in life.
The Three Types of ADHD
ADHD is generally categorised into three types based on the nature of the symptoms:
- Inattentive ADHD
- Hyperactive-Impulsive ADHD
- Combination ADHD
Each type has unique characteristics, although some symptoms may overlap.
1. Inattentive ADHD (ADHD-I)
Inattentive ADHD is often presented as difficulties with focus and attention. For many people, this doesn’t present in an outward behavioural way, like other types of ADHD, and instead is often an internal struggle with day-to-day activities and commitments.
Common symptoms of Inattentive ADHD include:
- Difficulty staying focused on tasks or conversations
- Frequently losing or misplacing items
- Trouble following instructions and completing school or work tasks
- Easily distracted
- Tendency to forget things, such as appointments or deadlines
This type of ADHD is often more subtle than its hyperactive counterpart and can be mistaken for daydreaming or laziness.
2. Hyperactive-Impulsive ADHD (ADHD-HI)
Hyperactive-Impulsive ADHD is marked by hyperactivity and impulsive behaviour. This is the type most people associate with an ADHD diagnosis because people may find it difficult to sit still, talk excessively and make impulsive decisions.
Common symptoms of Hyperactive-Impulsive ADHD include:
- Inability to sit still, constantly moving or fidgeting
- Talking excessively, interrupting others in conversation
- Acting without thinking or making impulsive decisions
- Difficulty waiting for turns in situations like games or conversations
- Being overly talkative or loud, even in situations where quiet is expected
This type is often more noticeable in children because the symptoms are outwardly visible.
3. Combination ADHD (ADHD-C)
The name Combination ADHD explains it all – it’s when people have a mix of both hyperactive-impulse ADHD and inattentive ADHD.
People may display the traits of both types, and their symptoms can vary greatly in severity. For example, someone with Combination ADHD may have some aspects of hyperactivity but not struggle as much with organisation as opposed to someone who is very disorganised and makes impulse decisions but doesn’t display extended periods of hyperactivity.
Combination ADHD can be especially challenging because the person may struggle with both staying on task and managing impulsive behaviours, leading to confusion and frustration in daily activities.
Diagnosing ADHD
ADHD is typically diagnosed by a medical professional, such as a psychologist, psychiatrist, or paediatrician, through a thorough evaluation.
This evaluation may include questionnaires, interviews, and behavioural assessments to determine the presence and type of ADHD.
Diagnosis for ADHD doesn’t happen overnight or in one appointment. Many people refer to their diagnosis as a ‘pathway’ or ‘journey’ because there are often a number of stops along the way to ensure you receive the correct diagnosis.
Treatment for ADHD
ADHD treatment will depend on the person, their type of ADHD and their decisions.
Many people opt for a combination of medical and lifestyle treatments, which include medication and therapy-based support.
Others can benefit from adopting healthy habits, such as regular exercise, proper nutrition and establishing a structured and comfortable daily routine.
There’s no one-size-fits-all approach to treating ADHD, in fact, one of the most endearing and interesting parts of ADHD is how different everyone is who has the condition.
Working with Neurofit Brain Centre
ADHD is a complex condition which can look different from one person to another.
However the symptoms are presenting, it’s important to recognise them and seek diagnosis and treatment with a qualified professional.
Once diagnosed, taking those important steps in receiving treatment can make a significant improvement on a person’s quality of life.
At Neurofit, we believe that brain activity makes an active difference.
In ADHD, it is important to assess each patient individually to determine which hemisphere may be deficient. Although ADHD is often associated with an underdeveloped right hemisphere—where the left hemisphere is typically more excitatory and the right more inhibitory—it is not uncommon to observe the opposite pattern in some individuals. When there’s a balance between the left and right brain, we have the best of both worlds – enthusiasm and self-control.
At Neurofit, we use many evidence-based therapies designed to stimulate the chosen area of the brain. Often, we’ll use several of these at once (co-activation) to give the brain maximum opportunity to form new neural pathways and strengthen itself – over time, these brain activities can make an active difference to life with ADHD.
Contact Neurofit Brain Centre today to learn about the treatment plans available.
Disclaimer
All information is general and not intended as a substitute for professional advice. Neurofit Brain Centre can consult with you regarding your individual health needs.
References
[1] American Psychiatric Association, What is adhd?, https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/adhd/what-is-adhd, accessed online 21 February 2025.
